Journal of Marine Technology and Environment 2016 Vol. 1

The main focus of this article is the development and use of clean renewable energy sources – wind energy, on ships. The main goal is the diversity of energy sources and the reduce of environmental pollution, hoping that this will ensure future energy security of supply. I propose to install wind turbines, kite which generates electricity and kite used for propulsion on a port-container. The main reason of this article is to try to show a modality for reducing ship pollution and the quantity of fuel used, that mince, to reduce the price of transportation and a method of saving money. As a result of my research I discovered that is more convenient to use vertical axe wind turbines like French model Statoeolien GSE 4 comparing with a normal wind turbine with orizonthal axe, to use the mixed propulsion motor-kite then only a diesel motor, and a kite with generates electricity than a simple wind turbine. Wind energy is a very good solution to global energy problems. It is considered the cheapest source of energy. The kites which generate electricity are revolutionizing wind turbines.

The economic interest in the Black Sea region is determined by its dynamic development, complex reality, opposing outside interests and relations of the Black Sea countries to the rest of the world. One aspect of this interest is related to the investment process. Successful implementation of investment decisions requires consideration of various factors determining the degree of risk for the investor. In this context, the current report presents some strategies to manage an investment risk.

The purpose of this paper is to present instruments for complex assessment and energy efficiency improvement of ship systems. This article presents energy efficiency analysis through the study of energy flows in the system and tools developed by IMO for monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions from ships. The combination proposed, of various energy-saving technologies and measures can provide achievement of fuel efficiency and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

Ship owners and the management team of shipping companies have a crucial role in the optimization process. They have to establish and implement a specific energy policy focused on the use of innovative solutions for energy saving, emission control and performance optimization. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology for energy management and energy efficiency improvement of ships. It is necessary to assist shipping companies in the selection of appropriate measures to achieve balance between economic, technological and environmental challenges.

During the ship’s voyage the mariners are facing many hazards like strong winds, rough sea, icebergs, etc. That is why the accuracy of meteorological information received on board is vital. Although the WMO is aiming for automation of the processes for collection and transmission of meteorological information the watchkeeping officers role in manual input of meteorological information is still very important. Meteorological data obtained from satellites, shore stations, aircrafts, research and merchant vessels performing the voyages in different areas of the Worlds Ocean, and systems of floating, drifting and moored buoys are used for weather forecasting. Reliable database for every region requires constant measurements of meteorological parameters for a long period of time. Real time wave and wind measurements are important for forecasting and sending of warning messages to the ships, creation of numerical models and proper work of the companies, providing ship’s routing services. This paper discusses the systems used for collecting, storage and processing of meteorological data, the automated weather systems used for observation of meteorological parameters on board of the ships and the systems used for transferring of all these data.

In this study a two-zone thermodynamic model is used for the prediction of NOx emissions from marine diesel engines, the calculation of two-zone model will be based on one-zone thermodynamic model and on the use of Zeldovich mechanism. The calculated NOx emissions validated by comparing them with measured values at different engine operating regimes. The effect of cylinder wall temperature, air temperature coefficient, and residual gases coefficient on the model sensitivity will be illustrated and explained as well.

The objective of this study is to predict the effects of two main injection parameters on the formation of NOx emissions. The first parameter is the injection timing, the effects of injection timing on the formation of NOx emission will be illustrated and explained at four different injection timings. The second parameters is the cone angle, the effect of changing the cone angle on the formation of NOx emissions will be illustrated and discussed at different three cone angles as well. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and ANSYS ICE program were used for simulating the injection process, combustion, and the formation of NO. The Volume-average mole fraction of NO, the Mass-Average mass fraction of NO and the NO density will be discussed at all cases of injection parameters..

Since 2013, together with the Resolution MEPC.203 (62)/2011 IMO enforcement, the vessels in service top and operational management must adopt the necessary measures to increase energy efficiency on board the ships in order to comply with the standards imposed. In this order, subscribed to a wide study in this mater, the present paperwork is focused punctually on the holistic analysis of the optimum energy efficiency measures that can be implemented at managerial level, on board the commercial vessels in service, operating more than 20 years. Through the proposed measures, the overtaken analysis provides the prerequisites for an efficient tool in shipping business management, providing a useful working framework, grounded in theory and practice, for adopting the optimum decisions to assure the energy efficiency on board the operating ships, targeting the ratio between lowest costs and best economic performance.

New resistive elements, formed upon electro insulated plate of vacuum thick ceramics by magnetron sputtering or screenprinting of amorphous resistive layers are studied. The elements possess a relay-type strong negative temperature dependence of resistivity. The new elements are adopted as sensors in standard bridge circuits for measuring of speed of fluids. Prototypes of sensors with various compositions of amorphous metal layers are analyzed and compared. The new elements show better sensitivity compared to a standard sensors.

The arcing faults may have a severe impact on the ship or on the crew. The paper presents the elaboration and testing of a laboratory stand for investigation of an arc fault detection device in the Technical University of Varna, Bulgaria. The presented laboratory stand will train future electrical engineers to work with this new protection device.

In this study an opportunity for investigation and application of protective monolayers of TiN obtained in reactive arc method in N2 atmosphere is examined. The coatings are deposited on copper and aluminium low voltage busbars of electrical distribution boards. The aim is to reduce the contact-potential difference between the busbars, made of different metals, i.e. copper and aluminium and, thereby, to reduce the power losses. The article also presents the results of studies of corrosion resistance, in particular the resistance to salt sea mist of the coated busbars. The possibility of using these busbars at sea has been experimentally proven.