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BEARING TYPE – CRITERIA, APPLICATIONS AND TECHNICAL RECOMMENDATIONS
Daniela Costache; Răzvan George Rîpeanu6/3/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.17engineering; technologyThe choice of the suitable bearing type is a significant step in the mechanical design, which has a direct impact on the system performance, reliability, and efficiency. Bearings are devices that are used to enable rotational or linear movement, while reducing friction and handling stress. Selecting the right bearing entails a multi-objective decision process which considers factors such as the application requirements (e.g. the type and magnitude of the load, the speed, misalignments, the temperature, the lubrication, the environment, spatial constraints). For example, deep-groove ball bearings are widely used in electric motors and other household appliances, they are capable of carrying moderate radial and axial loads simultaneously at high speeds; while tapered roller bearings, used for vehicles' wheel hubs, are capable of carrying combined loads and large loads in one direction. In high-speed spindles or precision instruments angular contact ball bearings are best when greater high-speed capability is required and in also handling axial loads and being able to be positioned and accurate enough for precision mounting, especially in the tightness of the corner that the bearings are being used. However, spherical roller bearings are ideal if the machine component being supported also experiences misalignment and is subjected to shock loads. Various other environmental conditions including dust, moisture, and corrosive substances may require sealed or shielded bearings or alternative materials (e.g., ceramics, polymers). Additionally, maintenance access, expected working life also is an important factor to consider whether a bearing requiring lubrication, is sealed for life or can take tough working cycles. Hence, the selection of a bearing cannot be made simply on the basis of the theoretic or empiric evidence, but requires a comprehensive knowledge of mechanical and tribological fundamentals, combined with experience and taking into account industry standards and the recommendations of the bearing manufacturers. This procedure leads to increased useful life of the devices, reduction in downtimes, and to improved effectiveness of the systems in a vast spectrum of engineering applications. -
RESEARCH ON THE OPTIMAL PERFORMANCE OF TASKS UNDER REDUNDANCY CONDITIONS IN THE CASE OF A ROBOT WITH FIVE DEGREES OF FREEDOM
The fulfillment of programmed tasks by industrial robots in redundant conditions occurs when a robotic system has more degrees of freedom than would be necessary to accomplish the task. From the point of view of mechanical modeling of robotic structures, this translates into the fact that the number of motor coordinates of the robot is greater than would be necessary and sufficient to ensure the position and orientation of the robot's end effector required by the task. In such situations, there is the possibility of optimally performing the programmed task under the conditions of meeting certain criteria that may refer to better accessibility of the robot's workspace in the presence of obstacles, achieving a minimum in terms of movements at the level of the robot's motor axes or obtaining motor coordinate values as far as possible from the edges of their variation ranges. The paper analyzes the case of a robot with five rotation modules whose task is to ensure a trajectory imposed at the origin of the coordinate system attached to its end effector. The redundancy case is analyzed by imposing as an optimization criterion the achievement of a minimum of displacements at the motor axes level of the analyzed robot. Finally, the results obtained for the variation of motor coordinates in the case of a linear interpolation of the end effector movement are presented. -
ANALYSIS OF PINDA RESERVOIRS IN THE MOTOBA FIELD: METHODOLOGY, LITHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, AND POTENTIAL ZONES FOR WATER INJECTION
Marlin Agolo Monza; oël Etshekodi Lohadje; Louis Lungu Malutshi; Jean Manteke Kabay; Franck Tondozi Keto; Dan Tshimini Mutelu5/27/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.15engineering; technologyThe paper presents a comprehensive study of the Pinda reservoirs in the Motoba field, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), highlighting the methodology adopted to collect and process geological and petrophysical data. The analysis focuses on the LP1, LP2, and LP3 layers, with the primary objective of locating suitable areas for the establishment of injector and producer wells. The analysis includes data collection and processing, followed by result interpretation to create maps of isobaths and iso-values of hydrocarbons in place. Tools such as Grapher and ArcGIS were used to visualize this information. The history of the Motoba field, discovered in 1975, is also discussed, illustrating the challenges and successes of production, particularly the water injection initiated in 1998 and resumed in 2011. The regional geology and stratigraphy of the Pinda formation are described, emphasizing the lithological complexity and diagenetic processes that have influenced reservoir quality. The study reveals that the Lower Pinda reservoir is divided into sub-units, each exhibiting distinct petrophysical characteristics. Data on porosity, saturation, and clay content were analyzed to establish a dynamic model for evaluating hydrocarbons in place. The results from the isobath maps show significant depth variation, identifying favorable areas for well implantations, particularly in the Northwest, East, and Southeast. Recovery factor analyses and GOR indicate opportunities for resource optimization, with regions identified as suitable for water injection. In conclusion, this paper underscores the importance of a methodical approach in reservoir evaluation and strategic planning of injection operations in the Motoba field. -
PICK AND PLACE ROBOTIC CELL SIMULATION USING RoboDK SOFTWARE
Traian-Andrei Pană; Gabriela Bucur5/23/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.14engineering; technologyn the era of advanced technology, the automation of industrial processes has become an essential element for improving efficiency and productivity. One of the most relevant aspects of this phenomenon is the development of robotic systems capable of performing repetitive tasks with a precision and speed superior to human ones. The objective of the work is the design and implementation of a robotic arm intended to perform the "pick and place" function, an essential process in numerous industrial fields, from product manufacturing to logistics and assembly. Pick and place involves picking an object from a specific location and placing it in another position. This task, while seemingly simple, is fundamental to the production flow of many industries. For example, in automobile manufacturing, components must be handled with care to ensure the quality and integrity of the final product. In logistics, robotic arms are used to organize goods in warehouses, reducing handling time and human error. The article presents the structure and operating specifications for the Doosan Robotics M1013 robot, as well as the RoboDK software, with its main features and application areas. After defining the specifications and selecting the hardware components, such as servo motors, sensors and control modules of the manufacturing cell, we move on to the design stage, where a 3D model of the robotic arm will be created. This model will allow the simulation of the robot's operation and the anticipation of possible problems, before the physical construction. -
RESEARCH ON THE KINEMATICS OF A MECHANISM WITH A TRIAD AS A COMPONENT
The structural approach to mechanisms from the perspective of component kinematic groups shows that as the class of component groups increases, the complexity of the mechanisms that contain them also increases. From this perspective, it is obvious that solving problems related to the kinematics of these mechanisms also becomes much more difficult to put into practice. In such cases, when mechanisms contain kinematic groups of a class greater than two, determining the analytical expressions of the parameters that establish the configuration of the mechanism during operation is extremely difficult. Therefore, in such cases, the development of some numerical calculation algorithms is indicated. The present paper analyzes the operation of a mechanism that has a triad as a component, in which one of the component kinematic joint is translational. To determine the variation of the position parameters, an iterative numerical calculation algorithm was developed and transposed into a computer program that allows the simulation of the functioning of the analyzed mechanism. Finally, the variation curves of these parameters over a kinematic cycle are presented, for a working configuration of the analyzed mechanism. -
MINI-FALL OFF TESTS AS A COST-EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION AND DST DECISION-MAKING IN DEEPWATER CONVENTIONAL RESERVOIRS
Eghbal Motaei; Tarek Ganat; Seyed Mehdi Tabatabai5/19/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.12engineering; technologyThis research introduces a methodology employing Mini-Fall Off injection tests to enhance reservoir characterization and inform Drill Stem Testing (DST) decision-making in deepwater conventional reservoirs. The methodology begins with log-driven permeability estimation, which is corrected using mobility data from Wire Formation Tester (WFT) point results. Despite these corrections, uncertainties persisted regarding the dominant permeability, which is crucial for ensuring the minimum required deliverability for DST. To address these uncertainties and flow assurance challenges, the Mini-Fall Off injection test was employed to estimate permeability within the target flow zone unit of the conventional reservoir. This approach allowed for precise permeability assessment in specific zones, thereby enhancing the overall understanding of reservoir quality and well deliverability. The Mini-Fall Off test provided critical Value of Information (VOI) by revealing that the well deliverability did not meet the minimum required flow rates for DST, leading to the cancellation of DST and substantial cost savings. The application of Mini-Fall Off tests demonstrates a significant advancement in reservoir assessment strategies, offering a cost-effective and efficient alternative to traditional methods. By integrating log-driven permeability data with WFT-derived mobility data and employing the Mini-Fall Off test, the methodology provides a comprehensive framework for reducing uncertainties and optimizing resource allocation in the oil and gas industry. Furthermore, this technique underscores the importance of VOI in data acquisition and decision-making processes throughout the asset lifecycle, from exploration to development. The results of this study highlight the potential for Mini-Fall Off tests to become a standard practice in reservoir characterization, particularly in deepwater conventional reservoirs where cost and efficiency are paramount. This work presents a novel, cost-effective approach to obtaining accurate reservoir characterization, thereby demonstrating its potential to optimize operational efficiency and resource management in the oil and gas sector. -
THE IMPACT OF FEATURE SELECTION AND DATA PRE-PROCESSING ON ML MODELS
Alexandru-Carlos Vlad; Emilian Marian Iovanovici5/11/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.11engineering; technologyThis research aims to identify issues with datasets that affect the training of machine learning models. The paper demonstrates the impact of feature processing on the model evaluation metrics. Initially, the paper evaluates unprocessed categorical features based on customized rules. The results of the seven evaluated algorithms show very low metric values. The demonstration is conducted on a dataset with 16 features for predicting depression among students. The dataset consists of 7,022 records. The issue of depression was chosen because it involves many features, which facilitate the analysis of the correlations between them. Moreover, the large number of features and records allowed for the analysis of generalization capacity by training on different dataset scenarios for all seven algorithms. The demonstration shows that data pre-processing generates better results when the inputs are exclusively numerical. Subsequently, the research demonstrates the importance of individually analyzing the contribution of each parameter within the model. The study encompasses three categories of tests, which are implemented using the ML.NET framework in the C# programming language. -
RESEARCH ON THE GENERATION OF INTERPOLATED MOVEMENTS IN THE CASE OF A ROBOTIC MECHANISM WITH ANTHROPOMORPHIC STRUCTURE
The implementation of robotic system commands, along with the design of the component mechanisms, contributes to their correct functioning while performing various tasks. In this sense, the precise generation of interpolated movements at the level of the end effectors from the component of robotic mechanisms is particularly important in the optimal performance of tasks in many industrial applications. Compared to the point-to-point commands, the interpolated commands are intended to pilot the robotic mechanisms so that their final effectors follows an imposed trajectory in the operational space of the robot with an imposed hourly law. The paper presents a method for generating interpolated movements in the case of a robotic system whose active mechanism has an anthropomorphic structure. The presented method uses the differential model of the analyzed robotic system. The introduced interpolation is linear, and the hourly law used is in the form of a polynomial of the fifth degree. Within the simulations performed, the four possible configurations of the anthropomorphic robotic mechanism that allow the achievement of the imposed task were highlighted. Finally, for one of these configurations, the variation curves of the coordinates corresponding to the actuation motors for a certain task are established. -
CONTRIBUTION TO THE GEOLOGICAL AND PETROLEUM STUDY OF THE WEST-CONGOLIAN BASIN – CASE OF CARBONATES IN THE KITOBOLA REGION IN CENTRAL CONGO, D.R. CONGO
Ravely Nsieto Lusakueno; Saint Bob Nsasa Bazona; César Tambashie Okitafumba; Gardiner Samba Vanga; Grace Tshimanga Kamba; Anselme Mavambou Mbadou4/30/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.09engineering; technologyPrevious studies carried out in the West-Congolian basin have highlighted potential formations that could play a major role in a petroleum system. In order to complete and enrich the geological and petroleum dossier of the said basin, a field trip to the Kitobola locality in the province of Central Congo was necessary to sample, analyze and describe the carbonate formations that outcrop there, in order to detect their importance from a petroleum point of view by describing and analyzing their mineralogical characteristics, and geochemical characteristics of these rocks, as well as evaluating their basic petrophysical parameters, notably porosity and permeability, in order to determine the role they might play in a petroleum system. Samples were sent to CRGM laboratories for petrographic, petrophysical and geochemical analyses, which revealed the presence of limestones (mudstones, wackestones and pelmicrite) with low porosity ranging from 1.18 to 1.49% and near-zero permeability between 0.2 and 0.5 mD. Geochemical analyses revealed a TOC ranging from 0.9 to 1.3 and high proportions of calcium oxide CaO associated with the limestones. As a result, these formations cannot be used as reservoirs, but rather as blankets, given their low porosity and near-zero permeability. On the other hand, they would make excellent source rocks in a petroleum system, given their very satisfactory TOC values. This article provides new information on the intrinsic characteristics (petrographic, petrophysical and geochemical) of the carbonate formations outcropping in the Kitobola region of the West Congolian Basin, while also highlighting potential source rocks or blankets. -
A CONCRETE DROPOUT NEURAL NETWORK FOR SHEAR SONIC LOG PREDICTION
Ephraim Ojoajogu Enemali; Sulaiman Alhaji Dodo Ibrahim; Ibraheem Salaudeen; Mahmud Abubakar Abdulmalik4/22/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.08engineering; technologyAssessing the risk associated with drilling and wellbore stability studies requires the shear sonic log. These logs apart from distinguishing formation fluid from lithology are needed to obtain geo-mechanical rock parameters required for the safe design of rock fracturing. Although sonic logs are of great importance, they are usually not obtained due to the limiting cost of acquisition. Neural networks have been used to generate these logs to save cost, but these networks are prone to overfitting. The dropout rate has been proposed to tackle this problem, however selecting the optimum dropout probability rate can be challenging manually or expensive computation wise. This research therefore investigated concrete dropout, a dynamic technique for adapting the dropout rate of a neural network to the data. The concrete dropout technique was applied to an artificial neural network (ANN) and a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to predict the shear sonic log with Monte Carlo simulation. Comparison was also made with the deterministic ANN and CNN models which had no dropout layers added and a Bayesian-optimized multilayer perceptron (MLP) model. These models were trained and validated with four (4) wells from the Volve field, using features with the highest correlation. The Concrete dropout ANN was found to outperform both the deterministic versions and the MLP model with R2, RMSE, MSE and MAE scores of 0.9548, 3.6415, 2.4433 and 0.0179 respectively. The neural networks built in this study showed an enhanced predictive performance with concrete dropout addition over the networks with no dropout added, showing that the technique was able to adapt the dropout rate to fit the nature of data and improve performance, which finds great application in real time deployment. The findings of this study also proposed a cost-effective way of sampling and averaging multiple outputs from a single neural network model, leading to enhanced predictive performance as the addition of concrete dropout allowed the network output distributions rather than point predictions. -
DETERMINATION OF AREAS SUITABLE FOR THE DETECTION OF GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES IN THE LOKORO SUB-BASIN USING THE MAGNETIC METHOD
Chadrack Lulaila Mongoto; Franck Tondozi Keto; Dody Maponda; André Yelembangu Ngwey; Yves Bolokole Mpehenzale4/18/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.07engineering; technologyThis work focuses on identifying potential areas in the Lokoro sub-basin, a strategic region located in the south-western part of the central Congolese basin. Covering an area of 51,759 km², this sub-basin encompasses the Mai-Ndombe province. Mapping the geological structures of this area is essential for highlighting hydrocarbon potential, a crucial aspect for future tenders. The study is based on the processing and analysis of magnetic data collected in the Lokoro sub-basin. The magnetic method, which evaluates the distortions of rocks buried in the earth's crust, enables the interpretation of magnetic anomalies linked to subsoil susceptibility. This approach provides clues to geological formations likely to accumulate hydrocarbons, offering valuable insight to prospectors. The anomalies detected may indicate the presence of geological structures favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation. By deepening our understanding of the geological structures of the Lokoro sub-basin, this research facilitates the exploration and exploitation of petroleum resources in this promising region. In sum, this study is a crucial step in revealing the hidden potential of the Lokoro sub-basin and in guiding petroleum exploration efforts in this resource-rich area. -
TECHNO-ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING OF AN EXPLORATION CAMPAIGN IN PROTECTED AREAS – THE CASE OF THE BOMBO-LUMENE HUNTING ESTATE AND RESERVE (D.R. CONGO)
Prosper Aida Monkenya; Osée Mayinga Mayinga; Jacques Moliba Bakanza; Shams Mbudi Diambu; Jonathan Nsimba Kanga; Louis Ekaa3/3/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.06engineering; technologyPlanning is a strategic approach that determines the orientations and objectives of a society in relation to the evolution of its territory. It serves as an appropriate tool for promoting sustainable development. In this context, the primary aim of this study was to design an exploration campaign in protected areas to minimize the potential risks that this initiative could pose to the well-being of local populations. Furthermore, it is crucial to establish new perspectives that could assist exploration engineers in conducting their various studies under normal and safe conditions. Through the techniques, methods, and tools applied during this study, we have discovered a central structure in our study area, which we consider a significant element that could certify the presence of a hydrocarbon deposit. Planning thus proves to be one of the most effective solutions for successfully carrying out an exploration campaign in protected areas, with the objective of minimizing the negative impact on the targeted site. By integrating appropriate management strategies and involving stakeholders, we can ensure a harmonious coexistence between exploration activities and environmental preservation. -
APPLICATION OF PHOTO-INTERPRETATION AND REMOTE SENSING TECHNICS FOR GEOLOGICAL MAPPING – CASE OF THE REGION OF ZAGORA, MOROCCO
Emmanuel Biba Kalengo; Arice Ingrid Sogui; Ilias Kacimi; Divin Kuniema; Boniface Lumpungu2/27/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.05engineering; technologyThe current era of digital technology has opened up endless possibilities for exploring and understanding our world. Among these advances, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing have revolutionized our ability to study and interpret geological phenomena without being physically present on the ground. The objective of this study therefore aims to use these tools to develop a more in-depth understanding of the geology of the Zagora province, a region of Morocco, using Landsat 9 images to produce a detailed geological map of the region characterized by a diversity of geological formations thus coupling the photo-interpretation approach and the Random Forest supervised classification algorithm. The results highlighted lithostratigraphic units, hydrographic networks and faults with great precision. The integration of these two methods provided complementary information, improving the accuracy and detail of the geological mapping of the area and highlights the importance of remote sensing tools and GIS for geological analysis and resource management. -
IMPROVEMENT OF THE DRINKING WATER SUPPLY NETWORK BY STRENGTHENING PRODUCTION USING DRILLING TECHNICS – CASE OF THE MOKALI QUARTER IN THE KIMBANSEKE TOWNSHIP, DR CONGO
Emmanuel Biba Kalengo; Glory Munkama; Ley Luyi Mpata; Samuel Diangitukulu; Leonard Kabeya Mukeba Yakasham2/24/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.04engineering; technologyEveryone is aware that access to or the search for drinking water is one of the major problems that bother all of humanity. The quarter of MOKALI, in the Kimbanseke township in the Democratic Republic of Congo, also faces challenges in ensuring an adequate supply of drinking water. Current infrastructures, designed several decades ago, are struggling to meet the growing demands of the population. This study focuses on improving the drinking water supply network by strengthening water production through the implementation of advanced drilling technics. Recent studies have highlighted the effectiveness of drilling as a method of accessing deeper aquifers, less prone to contamination and more sustainable over time [1]. In Mokali quarter, the integration of these techniques has not only improved water availability, but also reduced reliance on surface water sources, which are often polluted and unreliable [2],[3]. The use of rotary drilling technology, in particular, has enabled the extraction of high-quality groundwater from depths previously considered inaccessible [3]. The implementation of these technics was coupled with the modernization of the water distribution network, ensuring that the increase in production capacity directly translates into better access for the local population [3],[4]. The results of this study indicate a significant reduction in water shortage incidents and an overall improvement in public health outcomes in Mokali quarter. The success of this project suggests that similar strategies could be applied effectively in other regions facing comparable challenge. -
OCCUPATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CHEMICAL LABORATORY STAFF WORKING IN CHROMATOGRAPHY – SAMPLING – WASTEWATER ANALYSIS WITHIN S.C. ROMPETROL QUALITY CONTROL LLC
An effective Occupational Health and Safety risk assessment is crucial for identifying potential hazards in the workplace and implementing measures to minimize harm. By evaluating risks, organizations can create a safer environment for employees, ensuring compliance with safety regulations and enhancing overall productivity. Regular assessments foster proactive safety culture and prevent accidents before they occur, ultimately promoting employee well-being and reducing organizational liabilities. This article aimed to analyze and assess the risks of injury and illness, identify the preventive and protective measures necessary to ensure a healthy and safe working environment, so as to highlight the importance of assessing the occupational risks associated with the jobs of chemical laboratory workers within the investigated company, focusing in particular on chromatography, sampling and waste water analysis activities. The results of the research facilitated the adoption of the most suitable measures to mitigate the risks highlighted as being located in the field of unacceptability. Through the careful and systematic examination of the activities carried out by chemical laboratories and the identification of potential hazards and related risks, practical and effective solutions to protect workers safety and health were already implemented. -
ASSESSMENT AND REDUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS RELATED TO THE TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS IN KINSHASA – A SEP-CONGO CASE STUDY
Gracias Kingombe Manianga; Albert Mbosei Lobota; Alfred Ngangura Amisi; Denis Esongo Lomonde; Augustin Bangama Kabongo; Jean Iyolo Lungembo2/2/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.02engineering; technologyAssessing and managing environmental risks in the oil industry is crucial to ensuring operational safety and corporate sustainability. In the case of Sep-Congo in Kinshasa, where petroleum product transport, storage and distribution activities are intensive, a proactive approach is required. Petroleum products present hazards such as toxicity, flammability and volatility, requiring rigorous risk identification. Dynamic risk assessment methods, such as DyPASI and DRA, enable potential accident scenarios to be updated in real time by incorporating data on past incidents and monitoring safety indicators. These approaches provide a visual representation of risks and help to make informed decisions to minimize hazards. By integrating these methodologies, Sep-Congo can strengthen its safety measures and ensure effective operation in the face of environmental challenges. -
COMPLIANCE WITH OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY PRACTICES AMONG COOKING GAS REFILL STATION ATTENDANTS IN EFFURUN AND ENVIRONS, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA
Joyce Omuwa Okologume; Godwin Asibor1/17/202510.51865/JPGT.2025.01.01engineering; technologyTo minimize the risk of accidents and injuries, it is essential to assess how safety protocols are being adhered to in the workplace. Many attendants working at stations that refill cooking gas in the gas retail sector are found in this study location, Delta State of Nigeria. Such workers are exposed to numerous risks that can lead them to get injured, gas leakage, and fire. This study assessed the compliance of cooking gas refill station attendants in Effurun and its environs in Delta State with occupational safety practices. The study used cross-sectional and descriptive designs such as observations and interviews for qualitative data collection. The data was presented quantitatively as numerical values, from which statistical inferences were drawn. The study found that knowledge of safety practices among cooking gas refill station attendants in Effurun and its environs was generally good, especially regarding personal protective equipment (PPE) usage (85.4%), fire extinguishers (100%), and familiarity with workplace safety practices (95.8%). The study's results showed statistically significant associations and relationships between the respondents' age with awareness and knowledge (p=0.041) and duration of work time (p=0.018). Additionally, the general practice of safety measures was found to be high. However, some cooking gas refill stations had poor design and siting, which could increase the vulnerability to occupational accidents within the stations. To improve compliance, assessing occupational safety practices should be a top priority. This will positively influenced organizational improvement approaches and hazard management at cooking gas refilling stations in Nigeria. -
MODELING OF THE ZONES OF INFLUENCE OF GAS WELLS AT A DEPLETED RESERVOIR
Ioan Alexandru Stoica; Lazăr Avram; Bogdan Simescu; Mihaela Helstern12/22/202410.51865/JPGT.2024.02.23engineering; technologyModeling the behavior of natural gas wells during exploitation is often an essential step in studying the evolution of natural gas production. However, the theoretical simulation models of wells placed on depleted deposits usually gave results different from the reality in the field. This was due to problems with the integrity of the productive strata, especially with the degree of sealing of the existing wells. The present work attempts to develop and carry out a rigorous research program of a deposit from the Sarmatian deposits of the Transylvania basin. In the paper it is presented a theoretical framework through which the behavior of the depleted field can be followed by discretizing the field and setting some discrete properties (in the case present the deposit pressure), which by expanding the modeling can serve to identify poorly drained areas, which can be exploited in the future, contributing to the increase of the final recovery factor. This discretization was achieved through the system of grid blocks, for which the average properties (temperature, pressure, permeability, etc.) and connectivity between them were modeled through the flow coefficients. The theoretical model applied to the particular deposit, which can be extended for future production provisions, by setting time intervals e.g. to a month/year instead of days and extending the grid over the entire surface of the field, not only for the central area, where the wells are grouped. -
PHYSICS-DRIVEN FEATURE CREATION TO IMPROVE MACHINE LEARNING MODELS PERFORMANCE FOR OIL PRODUCTION RATE PREDICTION
Eghbal Motaei; Seyed Mehdi Tabatabai; Tarek Ganat; Ahmad Khanifar; Sulaiman Dzaiy; Timur Chis12/21/202410.51865/JPGT.2024.02.22engineering; technologyThis paper aims to develop a machine learning-based model for oil production rate prediction. The significance of feature dimension reduction is addressed by applying well-established approaches like Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the proposed physics-driven feature creation technique. The physics-driven features, derived from experience or analytical modeling, introduce physical relevance and improve model quality. The study focuses on oil production prediction using a dataset that includes reservoir permeability, wellbore skin, reservoir pressure, net pay thickness, water cut, and well-liquid production rate. Several machine learning techniques, such as SVM, k-NN, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and linear regression, were constructed using PCA feature selection. The models were tuned and validated using k-fold cross-validation. The same models were then built using physics-driven features, and their performance metrics were compared. The results show significant improvement when applying the proposed physics-driven feature creation, compared to PCA. Over 10-fold cross-validation, PCA improved the R² performance metric by 10% (from 70% to 77%), while physics-driven features increased it by 20% (from 70% to 90% on average). The Random Forest and linear regression models outperformed the others, particularly when built based on physics-driven features. Additionally, models based on physics-driven features exhibited less sensitivity to data splits for learning and testing, proving more reliable with better performance metrics compared to those using original features. -
STUDY OF THE PETROPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ROCKS FROM THE LIBWA FIELD IN THE PINDA RESERVOIR IN THE D.R. CONGO COASTAL BASIN
André Yelembangu Ngwey; Jean Iyolo Lungembo; Dona Kampata Mbwelele; Gustave Ngalamulume Bantu; Néhémie Bikayi Tshiani; Rachidi Opuluku12/20/202410.51865/JPGT.2024.02.21engineering; technologyThe Libwa field, located offshore the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), has significant potential for hydrocarbon exploitation, particularly in the southern part, which remains unexploited. Previous studies have identified various hydrocarbon exploitation opportunities in place, as measured by the volumes of oil in place (STOIIP). However, recent analysis by Perenco DRC highlights the need for additional volumes to meet current production levels in the northern part of the field. The Pinda reservoir, which forms an essential part of the Libwa field, has a porosity of between 15% and 19%. However, it has a very low permeability, averaging less than 2 millidarcies (mD). This low permeability makes it difficult to accurately assess porosity using seismic data, due to minor variations in the geological structure. Ongoing research is aimed at gaining a better understanding of the geological structure of the Libwa field and determining whether additional volumes of hydrocarbons exist in the southern part or in other areas of the field. Understanding the petrophysical characteristics is crucial to optimizing extraction strategies and assessing the economic potential of the reservoir. -
IoT SOLUTION FOR LEVEL MEASUREMENT IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
The fundamental goal of this work is to investigate and explore the design and construction methods for an intelligent, adaptable and flexible level measurement system, based on IoT (Internet of Things) technology. This automatic data acquisition, transmission and processing system must allow the level of a substance to be measured in a non-intrusive manner. The system also ensures safe operation for personnel servicing the monitored process and allows customization of the presentation of data sets, in a variety of formats, with maximum relevance to the user. The level measurement system proposed in the paper bases its operation on the characteristics of ultrasonic sensors. The intelligent modules of the system process, based on software algorithms, the data from the sensors and communicate them to other microprocessor subsystems for conversions, storage and presentation of the results. This intelligent level measurement system uses two sensor subsystems, with different degrees of complexity, to monitor two reservoirs in a park. These subsystems communicate permanently with a central control unit, the CCU, which collects and processes in real time the data transmitted to it in a WiFi LAN. In order to increase the degree of adaptability of the intelligent system to the measurement needs, it is possible to resort to increasing the number of sensors, placed in various locations, in a park of tanks for the storage of petroleum products. -
RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF INDOLIC ALKALOIDS OBTAINED FROM NATURAL PRODUCTS
Ana-Maria Neculai; Anamaria Niculescu (Ilie); Iuliana Cristea12/5/202410.51865/JPGT.2024.02.19engineering; technologyIndole chemistry is a fascinating and complex field. The foul-smelling indole molecule is the building block for various natural and chemical products. Moreover, some indole derivatives are vital pharmaceutical products or essential intermediates. Indole ring compounds are part of the class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds with one heteroatom, and the indole ring is the most widespread heterocycle. This paper presenting a rheological indole alkaloids from natural products. In this article, we analysed twelve formulations of the H/L (water-oil) or L/H (oil-water) emulsion type, carrying out a comparative study with alcoholic extracts of different concentrations of Vinca alkaloids obtained from the leaf and stem of the Vinca minor L. plant. This plant is collected to the Dobrogea area. -
ANALYSIS OF POROSITE-NEUTRON (NPHI) LOGGING DATA FROM THE KINKASI FIELD: THE CASE OF THE G UP, F AND E HORIZONS OF THE CENOMANIAN RESERVOIR (D.R. CONGO COASTAL BASIN)
Munene Asidi Djonive; Kanika Mayena Thomas; Manteko Matondo Emmanuel; Nsitu Nsitu Djeskin; Biduaya Ngalamulume Jeff; Bangama Kabongo Augustin11/24/202410.51865/JPGT.2024.02.18engineering; technologySince the discovery of hydrocarbon deposits in the DR Congo Coastal Basin in general, and in the Kinkasi field in particular, several development wells have been drilled with a view to optimising the economic value of the reserves evaluated. Despite the large number of wells drilled in this onshore area of the Coastal Basin and a multitude of development studies, it should be noted that production is stagnating at around 10,000 barrels per day. This report is a considerable contribution to addressing these major concerns. Certainly, with the advancement of technology through the creation of supercomputers and software, these reprocessings can prove important in that they can bring to light certain information that previously went unnoticed. As well as highlighting the importance of modelling the petrophysical parameters of a reservoir in the development of an oil field, this subject provides assistance to the Production Engineer, insofar as it makes it possible to visualise, from the desktop with some software such as Microsoft Excel 2010 for the calculation of certain data with a view to representing them in the form of tables and graphs, the Geographic Information System (ArcGis 10.3) for representing the study area and drawing up maps of the spatial distribution of porosity-neutron horizons, areas of interest that could be the subject of in-depth studies ((location of new wells). -
RESEARCH ON THE OPTIMAL SYNTHESIS OF A MULTI-CONTOUR MECHANISM
The synthesis of mechanisms is a complex field of study that includes, in addition to the knowledge necessary for the correct configuration of working mechanisms and those necessary for their analysis, knowledge from the field of nonlinear programming that involves the calculation of the extrema of an objective function, possibly subject to some constraints. In this context, the dimensional synthesis of the mechanisms that involves the establishment of an optimal set of dimensions of the component elements to ensure the necessary precision of the operating parameters remains an always current field through its multiple applications. The paper presents a method of dimensional synthesis of a multi-contour mechanism for which certain values of the stroke of a component piston and the positions of the driving element of the mechanism in which the change of the direction of movement of the piston takes place are imposed. Through the dimensional synthesis of the analyzed mechanism, it is aimed that, in addition to the mentioned conditions, a minimum value of the sum of the lengths of the component elements is obtained. To achieve the optimal synthesis, the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) method included in the Optimization package from the Maple program was used. -
NEW NUMBER NUSSELT CORRELATION FOR THE ANNULAR SPACE OF THE TUBE IN TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
The use of Nusselt number correlation in the annular space of a tube-in-tube heat exchanger is a difficult task for researchers, since this correlation is deduced specifically for certain geometrical features. As such, researchers would usually only present limited areas of applicability. This paper presents the algorithm for establishing a new Nusselt number correlation for the annular space of a tube-in-tube heat exchanger with warm water flowing inside in counterflow with cold water in the annular space. The objective of the research was to establish the Nusselt number that allows the calculation of the partial convective heat transfer coefficient on the cold fluid side for a laminar flow regime. This correlation must be of the form: Nu = C·Rem·Prn. This was possible by processing the experimental data by applying the least squares method, as an optimization method. Five sets of experimental data were used for this study. A steel tube in tube heat exchanger was used for this work.
ISSN print: 2734–5319
ISSN online: 2972–0370
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