Aspects of bullying in cyberspace for youth

Our research aims to deepen the understanding of the evolution of traditional bullying into cyberbullying among youth. We compile and analyze various perspectives on bullying from fields such as medicine, economics, education, security, statistics, and developmental theory. Our findings highlight that both traditional bullying and its modern counterpart, cyberbullying or electronic bullying, have become phenomena on a global scale. The inherently interdisciplinary nature of bullying complicates the development of regulations and policy interventions. The complexity of the bullying phenomenon requires dedicated attention. We employ conceptual analysis within a developmental framework as our methodology. Our work contributes a standardized conceptual framework for addressing bullying, focusing on the increasingly prevalent issue of cyberbullying within the context of the Sustainable Development Goals and the European Digital Competence Framework for Citizens.